Solar power generation is a process that converts sunlight into electricity using photovoltaic (PV) cells or solar thermal systems. The most common method involves solar panels made of semiconductor materials, typically silicon.
太阳能发电是将阳光转化为电能的过程，使用光伏（PV）电池或太阳能热系统。最常见的方法是使用由半导体材料（通常是硅）制成的太阳能电池板。
The photovoltaic effect is the fundamental principle behind solar panels. When sunlight strikes the PV cells, it excites electrons in the semiconductor material, creating electron-hole pairs. This movement of electrons generates direct current (DC) electricity.
光伏效应是太阳能电池板背后的基本原理。当阳光照射到光伏电池时，它激发了半导体材料中的电子，产生电子-空穴对。电子的移动产生了直流电（DC）电能。
Since most household appliances use alternating current (AC), the direct current generated by solar panels needs to be converted using an inverter. The inverter changes the DC electricity into AC electricity, making it usable for home and business applications.
由于大多数家用电器使用交流电（AC），因此太阳能电池板产生的直流电需要通过逆变器进行转换。逆变器将直流电转换为交流电，使其可用于家庭和商业应用。
In many cases, solar power systems are connected to the electrical grid. This allows excess electricity generated during sunny days to be fed back into the grid, and users can draw power from the grid when solar production is low.
在许多情况下，太阳能发电系统与电网连接。这允许在阳光明媚的日子里产生的多余电力反馈到电网中，当太阳能发电较低时，用户可以从电网中获取电力。
Some solar power systems are equipped with battery storage to store excess energy for use during nighttime or cloudy days. This enhances the reliability of solar energy as a power source.
一些太阳能发电系统配备有电池存储装置，用于储存多余的能源，以便在夜间或多云的日子里使用。这增强了太阳能作为电源的可靠性。
In summary, solar power generation harnesses sunlight through photovoltaic cells, converts it into usable electricity, and can be integrated into the electrical grid or stored for later use. This makes it a sustainable and increasingly popular energy source.
总之，太阳能发电通过光伏电池收集阳光，将其转化为可用的电能，并可以与电网集成或储存以备后用。这使得太阳能成为一种可持续且日益受欢迎的能源来源。